When you sign in to an account using just a username and password, you are identifying yourself and verifying your identity. This process is called authentication. While passwords are an essential security measure, they are not enough on their own. Criminals have many ways to guess, steal, or compromise passwords, leaving your accounts vulnerable.

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) adds an extra layer of security by requiring at least two forms of identification to log in to your account or device. Instead of relying solely on your password, MFA ensures that even if someone obtains it, they won’t be able to access your account without additional verification.

How Does MFA Work?

Multi-factor authentication typically requires a combination of:

• Something you know: Your username and password.
• Something you have: A cellphone, token, or keycard.
• Something you are: Biometric data like a fingerprint or facial scan.

This combination makes it significantly harder for unauthorised individuals to gain access to your information. MFA is sometimes referred to as two-factor authentication (2FA), and it is one of the best ways to protect your devices, accounts, and data.

Why Is Multi-Factor Authentication Important?

Both individuals and businesses rely on their digital assets to store sensitive information and access important services. Relying solely on a username and password is not enough protection. Cybercriminals are becoming more sophisticated, finding new ways to hack into accounts by cracking passwords or using phishing attacks.

With MFA in place, even if someone gets your password, they’ll still need to provide a second form of identification to log in. This extra step can make the difference between keeping your account secure or falling victim to a cyberattack.

Real-Life Example of Multi-Factor Authentication

ATM Withdrawal: To withdraw money from an ATM, you need both your debit card (something you have) and your PIN (something you know). Even if someone steals your card, they can’t access your account without knowing your PIN.

The Benefits of Using Multi-Factor Authentication

• Reduced security risks: Protects accounts even if passwords are compromised.
• Prevents account takeovers: Harder for attackers to hijack your accounts.
• Protection from phishing attacks: Requires additional verification beyond just entering a password.

Where Can You Set Up MFA?

MFA is becoming more common, and you can activate it on various platforms, including:

• Your smartphone
• Banking apps
• Email accounts
• Social media accounts
• Online shopping platforms
• And more!

How to Set Up Multi-Factor Authentication

Setting up MFA is usually a straightforward process, but it can vary depending on the service or platform you’re using. Here’s a general step-by-step guide on how to enable MFA on most accounts:

1. Go to Your Account Settings: Log into your account and find the “Security” or “Privacy” section in the settings menu. Look for the option to enable “Multi-Factor Authentication” or “Two-Factor Authentication (2FA).”
2. Select Your Preferred Authentication Method: You may be given several options, such as receiving a one-time password (OTP) via text, using an authenticator app (like Google Authenticator or Microsoft Authenticator), or setting up biometric verification like fingerprint or facial recognition.
3. Follow the On-Screen Instructions: After selecting your method, you’ll usually be asked to enter your phone number, download an app, or scan a QR code to link your account to the authentication method.
4. Test the MFA Setup: Most services will ask you to test the MFA by logging out and signing back in, requiring both your password and the second form of authentication.
5. Backup Your MFA Options: Be sure to set up backup methods, like generating recovery codes, in case you lose access to your phone or authenticator app.

Can Multi-Factor Authentication Be Bypassed?

While MFA is a crucial security measure, no system is completely foolproof. Cybercriminals are constantly looking for ways to trick users into approving fake login attempts. For example, they might try to flood you with multiple MFA requests until you accidentally approve one.

If you receive MFA requests when you’re not trying to log in, do not approve them! Immediately contact the service provider and change your password. Remember, using unique passwords for different accounts can also help minimise the damage in case one account is compromised.

Despite these potential risks, MFA is still one of the most effective ways to protect your information from unauthorised access.

Sources

• https://staysafeonline.org/online-safety-privacy-basics/multi-factor-authentication/ 
• https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/mfa/ 
• https://www.onelogin.com/learn/what-is-mfa 
• https://www.getcybersafe.gc.ca/en/blogs/why-multi-factor-authentication-essential-part-cyber-security 
• https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/topic/what-is-multifactor-authentication 
• https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/multi-factor-authentication 
• https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/multi-factor-authentication 
• https://www.miniorange.com/blog/what-is-multi-factor-authentication-mfa/ 
• https://www.dnv.com/article/benefits-of-multi-factor-authentication-245323/ 
• https://supertokens.com/blog/benefits-of-multi-factor-authentication